Pulwama

The village comprises four hamlets namely Malikpora, Dalipora, Chattapora and Dangarpora. Initially it was Tehsil Headquarter. In order to bring “Knit together” all the four hamlets in the shape of town, it was formed into a village. To “Knit together” has been described as Pnawan in Kashmiri language. It is why it has been named as Pnawangam (Gam is word for all Kashmiri villages) which later on deshaped and became Pulgam and then Pulwama, which is at the tip of the tongue of the people. The District is centrally located in the valley of Kashmir. The economy of the District mainly depends on the Agriculture Sector. The District is famous for Rice production. Besides Rice Production District Pulwama is famous for quality Saffron production all over the world. The District is also famous for production of milk which is largest in the union territory and is known as “Anand of Kashmir ''. The Pulwama District as per census 2011 consists of 327 census villages, out of which 08 are un-inhabited. The villages have been grouped into 8 Tehsils viz, Pulwama, Awantipora, Tral, Pampore, Kakapora, Aripal, Rajpora & Litter, 11 CD Blocks Viz Tral, Aripal, Dadsara, Awantipora, Pampore, Kakapora, Pulwama, Shadimarg, Achgoze, Lassipora and Newa. Five Municipal Councils Viz Tral, Pampore, Khrew, Awantipora and Pulwama. The total population of the District is 5.60 lac, as per census 2011. The geographical area of the District is 1090 sq. Km and the administrative centre of the District is situated at Pulwama, which is 31 Km. from Srinagar, 85.65% of the population live in Rural areas and 14.35% in Urban areas. The District is reported to be one of the prettiest spots on the earth, because of its congenial climate, innumerable springs, streams, waterfalls, fragrant flowers, delicious fruits and other natural sceneries. District Pulwama is famous all over the world for saffron cultivation which is mainly grown in Karewa lands of Pampore, Kakapora and Pulwama blocks of the district. There are some important shrines and temples in the District and to name a few, Khankah Tral built by Mir Syed Ali Hamadani RH, the great saint and scholar of Iran. and Jawala Mukhi Temple at Khrew Pulwama. Besides the town Awantipora presents the remnants of the buildings and sculptures of the time of the king of Awantiwarman.

History and Heritage
Pulwama being a part of the beautiful valley is bounded by Srinagar in the North by Budgam and Poonch Districts the west and by Anantnag Districts in the South and East. The District was formed in 1979 by separation of Tehsils Pulwama, Shopian and Tral of District Anantnag. The total area of the district is 1090 Sq Kms as per Census 2011, the district consists of 331 villages including 08 un-inhabited . The district is administratively divided into four Tehsils I.e.Pulwama, Pampore, Awantipora and Tral which have further been grouped into six community block viz Pulwama, partly Keller, Kakapora, Tral and Pampore for development purposes. The Administrative centre of the district is situated at Pulwama which is about 31 Kms from Srinagar. Old Court Complex was established in 1961 Chief Justice, Jammu and Kashmir, Justice Badar Durrez Ahmed visited Pulwama and inaugurated the main building and Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) at the District Court Complex here in Pulwama.. Administrative Judge for District Pulwama, Justice Mir Yaqoob and Law Secretary Ab Majeed Bhat accompanied the Chief Justice. DIG South, S. P. Pani, Deputy Commissioner Pulwama, Ghulam Mohammad Dar, SSP Pulwama, Mohammad Aslam, Principal District and Sessions Judge Pulwama, SSP Traffic, Principal Secretary to Chief Justice, Joint Registrar (Judicial), senior officers of the district administration, members of Bar Association Pulwama and a large galaxy of legal luminaries were also present on the occasion. The Chief Justice inaugurated Rs. 1231 lacs main building at District Court Pulwama having the facilities of 6 Court Rooms, Computer Room, E-Court, Lawyers’ Chamber, 48 Advocate Chambers, Library, Record Room etc. He also inaugurated the Alternate Dispute Resolution Centre in the court complex. During his visit, the Chief Justice also inspected ADR and Mediation Centre Pulwama and emphasised on disposal of pending cases through Alternative Disputes Redressal Mechanism where both the parties may have win-win situation without wasting time and money if their dispute is resolved amicably. It was given out that the District Court complex had been constructed over a land of 36 kanals to accommodate the Court of Principal District and Sessions Judge and all subordinate courts under one roof. The total cost of the project is Rs. 25.15 core with total plinth area of 59,047 sq ft and is being executed by the J&K State Housing Board. Congratulating the District and Principal Sessions Judge of the District Court, members of the Bar Association Pulwama, the judicial fraternity and the people for taking ownership of this magnificent and aesthetically designed State of Art District Court Complex building with all the modern facilities, the Chief Justice expressed happiness on being associated with the inaugural function. He observed that the majesty of law is also associated with the premises from where it is exercised and hoped that the creation of this beautiful asset will go a long way in the judges rendering prompt and transparent justice.

Geography and Climate
Pulwama being a part of the beautiful valley is bounded by SRINAGAR in the North by BUDGAM and POONCH Districts the west and by ANANTNAG Districts in the South and East. The district is surrounded by Hilly terrains , which are 2000 Mtrs. above sea level. As per altitude from sea level the district can be divided into three zones i.e. zone Ist falls upto the level of 1700 metres. zone 2nd falls between 1700 to 2000 mtrs. And zone 3rd above 2000 mtrs. Zone Ist covers the entire area of tehsil Pulwama, Pampore and a portion of Tehsil Tral. Zone 2nd major portion of Tehsil Tral is falling under this zone. Forests with extending upto alpine height fall in zone 3rd with a number of meadows. The river Jehlum passes through this district from Anantnag to Srinagar. The water of river Jhelum ,a navigated channel, is utilised for irrigation purposes through lift irrigation system. The maximum rainfall as recorded in district during the schedule year 1998 was 772.30 mm at per station Pulwama . Most of the higher reaches in tehsil Tral experience early snowfall in winters.. Pulwama District is bounded by Srinagar in the North side, Budgam & Poonch in the west side and Ananthnag in the south side.
Located at an elevation of 1653.88 metres (5426.12 feet) above sea level, Pulwama has a Marine west coast, warm summer climate (Classification: Cfb). The district’s yearly temperature is 13.91ºC (57.04ºF) and it is -12.06% lower than India’s averages. Pulwama typically receives about 33.85 millimetres (1.33 inches) of precipitation and has 49.47 rainy days (13.55% of the time) annually.

Flora and Fauna
The region's unique flora includes saffron fields, apple orchards, and dense forests with a variety of trees like pine and deodar. Fauna in Pulwama includes species like the Himalayan black bear, musk deer, and various bird species, contributing to the region's biodiversity. Pulwama's blend of natural beauty, historical sites, and cultural richness makes it a fascinating destination for anyone interested in exploring the essence of Kashmir.

Tourist Attractions

Tarsar and Marsar Lake
Tarsar and Marsar are two alpine lakes located in the Pulwama district. These twin lakes are steeped in the folklore of Kashmir, adding a mystical charm to their natural beauty. Tarsar Lake is accessible via a picturesque trek through diverse landscapes, offering stunning views along the way. Marsar Lake, on the other hand, remains a bit more elusive, often shrouded in mist and is known for its pristine beauty. The serene waters and the peaceful environment make these lakes a must-visit for trekkers and nature enthusiasts.

Kungwattan
Kungwattan is a secluded meadow located at an altitude of approximately 8,400 feet. It remains relatively untouched by human intervention, offering a pristine natural landscape that is both enchanting and serene. A trek through thick forests from Kungwattan can lead adventurers to various other scenic spots, making it an ideal location for those who seek solitude and wish to connect with nature.

Jama Masjid Shopian
Jama Masjid Shopian is an architectural marvel built during the Mughal era. It served as an essential stopover for Mughals on their way to Kashmir. The mosque stands as a testament to the rich history and architectural prowess of the time. Its strategic location and historical significance make it a point of interest for visitors keen on exploring the cultural heritage of Kashmir.

Kounsarnag Lake
Kounsarnag Lake is situated in an extraordinary setting, surrounded by the breathtaking beauty of the Panjal mountains. Despite being at such a high altitude, the lake remains frozen for most of the year, including the summer months. The Vishav river is fed by this glacial lake, adding to its significance in the region's hydrology. The trek to Kounsarnag Lake is challenging yet rewarding, offering panoramic views and a unique adventure for those who dare to explore it.

Avantishwar Temple
The Avantishwar Temple is a significant historical site dating back to the 9th Century AD. Built by Raja Awanti Varma, the temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and Vishnu, showcasing the religious and architectural heritage of the era. The temple complex is a significant reflection of Kashmir's rich past and presents an invaluable opportunity for history enthusiasts to explore ancient Indian architecture and culture.

How to Reach
By Air:The nearest airport is Sheikh-ul-Alam International Airport in Srinagar (38 Km).

By Rail:The nearest railway stations that approach Pulwama are Awantipora railway station,  Kakapora railway station and Pampore railway station.

By Road:To reach this place from Jammu, buses are available at Jammu bus stand. To reach this place from Srinagar buses and cabs are available from Lal Chowk bus stand and also from Tourist Reception Center Srinagar.